Retort oil from shale
The product of most surface retorts is a relatively dense oil consisting of large hydrocarbon molecules. Also, shale oil is commonly high in compounds containing oxygen, sulfur, or nitrogen, impurities that can degrade refinery equipment or, if present in the end product, create noxious pollution upon combustion. Retorts processing oil shale are currently active in Australia, Brazil, China, and Estonia and produce about 4800 m 3 (30 000 barrels) per day of shale oil [55]. Retort types have historically been classified by the heating method used to pyrolyse the oil shale and in part by the material used to do the heating. The gas-fired retort is a vertical vessel into which the crushed lumps of oil shale rock is fed through a non-return gas-tight valve located at the top, from where it falls by gravity through different zones in the retort. TOSCO I1 process. The TOSCO I1 process (Fig. 9-4) has been under development for a number of years by The Oil Shale Corporation. The retort is a rotary kiln type in which retorting is accomplished by mixing externally heated balls 15 mm in diameter with preheated shale crushed t o a size of minus 12 mm [11,12]. The balls are separated from the hot spent shale on a trommel and recirculated through a ball heater. Products are drawn off to a collection system for removal of dust and recovery of The process of extracting liquid crude oil from the ground is comparatively simple to extracting oil shale. Pressure from gases trapped in the chamber where oil is present force the crude oil to the surface. After this pressure is alleviated, the more difficult secondary and tertiary phases of oil drilling begin. In some cases, water may be pumped in to loosen compressed oil. Sometimes gasses are introduced to repressurize the oil chamber. And in many cases, the remaining oil is simply left
Since the Fischer assay is also used to determine the oil remaining in retorted shale, the data are used to calculate retort efficiency. "Percent recovery based on
Laboratory work 1: Oil yield determination in oil shale retorting (oil shale, wood, peat, coal etc) is heated under 520°C without air access in the Fischer's retort. The oil shale can be mined and then heated to a high temperature (a process called retorting); the resultant liquid can then be separated and collected. research, sponsoring the development and testing of three gas combustion retorts. In the early 1970s, DOI implemented a Prototype Oil. Shale Leasing Program Since the Fischer assay is also used to determine the oil remaining in retorted shale, the data are used to calculate retort efficiency. "Percent recovery based on A graduated glass receiver catches and measures the volumes of water and oil that condense from the mud. Retort devices are available in three sizes, 10-, 20- The results show that HCR system start operating faster processing Shale Oil Wastewater, 3.1m3 / h of jet volume was the best and the optimal residence time of The combined process of acidification and ferric-carbon micro-electrolysis was used to pre-treat oil shale retort wastewater. The influence factors, such as
The process of extracting liquid crude oil from the ground is comparatively simple to extracting oil shale. Pressure from gases trapped in the chamber where oil is present force the crude oil to the surface. After this pressure is alleviated, the more difficult secondary and tertiary phases of oil drilling begin. In some cases, water may be pumped in to loosen compressed oil. Sometimes gasses are introduced to repressurize the oil chamber. And in many cases, the remaining oil is simply left
Laboratory work 1: Oil yield determination in oil shale retorting (oil shale, wood, peat, coal etc) is heated under 520°C without air access in the Fischer's retort. The oil shale can be mined and then heated to a high temperature (a process called retorting); the resultant liquid can then be separated and collected.
In 1894, the Pumpherston retort (also known as the Bryson retort) was invented, which is considered as a separation of the oil shale industry from the coal industry. It stayed in use until 1938.
The ATP Technology is a high performance surface retorting process for the production and recovery of hydrocarbons from mined oil shales. Oil shale is mined, 27 Sep 2005 Oil shale retort. A number of observers have been pointing to oil shale as the solution to all our energy problems. If oil shale does turn out to be PAMA has been developing both direct combustion and retorting processes. Its main effort is the combustion. An oil shale fired steam boiler was erected in the Keywords: Extraction, oil shale, surface retorting, in-situ retorting, retorting, pyrolytic technique, directly gas heated retorts, indirectly gas heated retorts, directly Shale Retorts. The retort design had evolved over the life of the industry and it is a fact that the Scottish oil companies led the world in this retort technology. Because oil and gas are produced by heating oil shale and because heating The contamination of surface water or groundwater by mining and retorting
The process of extracting liquid crude oil from the ground is comparatively simple to extracting oil shale. Pressure from gases trapped in the chamber where oil is present force the crude oil to the surface. After this pressure is alleviated, the more difficult secondary and tertiary phases of oil drilling begin. In some cases, water may be pumped in to loosen compressed oil. Sometimes gasses are introduced to repressurize the oil chamber. And in many cases, the remaining oil is simply left
Paraho II™ is a multi-step, shale oil extraction technology that links numerous proven technologies occurring before and after the Paraho® retort and oil 13 Apr 2006 Retorted oil shale yields liquid hydrocarbons in the range of middle-distillate fuels, such as jet and diesel fuel. However, because oil shales have. QER subsequently constructed and now operates an oil shale technology demonstration plant utilising a 'Paraho' vertical retort at the Gladstone site. The plant Laboratory work 1: Oil yield determination in oil shale retorting (oil shale, wood, peat, coal etc) is heated under 520°C without air access in the Fischer's retort.
Retorts processing oil shale are currently active in Australia, Brazil, China, and Estonia and produce about 4800 m 3 (30 000 barrels) per day of shale oil [55]. Retort types have historically been classified by the heating method used to pyrolyse the oil shale and in part by the material used to do the heating. The gas-fired retort is a vertical vessel into which the crushed lumps of oil shale rock is fed through a non-return gas-tight valve located at the top, from where it falls by gravity through different zones in the retort. TOSCO I1 process. The TOSCO I1 process (Fig. 9-4) has been under development for a number of years by The Oil Shale Corporation. The retort is a rotary kiln type in which retorting is accomplished by mixing externally heated balls 15 mm in diameter with preheated shale crushed t o a size of minus 12 mm [11,12]. The balls are separated from the hot spent shale on a trommel and recirculated through a ball heater. Products are drawn off to a collection system for removal of dust and recovery of The process of extracting liquid crude oil from the ground is comparatively simple to extracting oil shale. Pressure from gases trapped in the chamber where oil is present force the crude oil to the surface. After this pressure is alleviated, the more difficult secondary and tertiary phases of oil drilling begin. In some cases, water may be pumped in to loosen compressed oil. Sometimes gasses are introduced to repressurize the oil chamber. And in many cases, the remaining oil is simply left Oil shale contains a solid hydrocarbon called kerogen that when heated (retorted) yields combusti- ble gases, crude shale oil, and a solid residue called spent, retorted, or processed shale.